Geographic Properties

Continent: Europe
Total Area: 116348 mi² (World Rank: 73rd)
Land Area: 113568 mi² (World Rank: 74th)
Bordering Countries/Regions: Austria, France, San Marino, Slovenia, Switzerland, Vatican City

Demographics

Population: 58.9 million people (2023 estimate, World Rank: 25th)
Population Density: 518 people/mi² (2021 estimate, World Rank: 76th)
Population Growth: -0.408 %/yr (2021 estimate, World Rank: 211th)
Life Expectancy: 83.7 years (2020 estimate, World Rank: 8th)
Median Age: 46.8 years (2021 estimate, World Rank: 4th)

Cultural Properties

Languages: Italian (98%), Neapolitan (10%), Sicilian (8.2%), Venetian (6.7%), Lombard (6.3%)
Ethnic Mix: Italian (92%), other (3.7%), Romanian (1.8%), Arab (1.1%), Albanian (0.8%)
Religions: Christianity (82%), Islam (1.2%)
Literacy Rate: 99.35% (2019 estimate)

Capital and Major Cities

Capital City: Rome, Lazio
Largest Cities:
- Rome: 2.873 million people
- Milan: 1.366 million people
- Naples: 967068 people
- Turin: 886837 people
- Palermo: 673735 people

Economic Properties

GDP: $2.108 trillion/yr (2021 estimate, World Rank: 8th)
GDP at Parity: $2.713 trillion/yr (2021 estimate, World Rank: 11th)
Real GDP: $1.862 trillion/yr (2021 estimate, World Rank: 8th)
GDP per Capita: $35657/yr/person (2021 estimate, World Rank: 42nd)
GDP Real Growth: 6.737%/yr (2021 estimate, World Rank: 62nd)
Gini Index: 0.352 (2018 estimate, World Rank: 64th)
Consumer Price Inflation: 1.87%/yr (2021 estimate, World Rank: 143rd)

Employment

Unemployment Rate: 9.83% (2021 estimate, World Rank: 61st highest)
Long-term Unemployment Rate: 7.71% (2014 estimate, World Rank: 21st highest)
Labor Force: 25.01 million people (41.71% of population, 2021 estimate, World Rank: 26th)

Business Information

Total Business Tax Rate: 59.1% of profit (2019 estimate, World Rank: 23rd)
New Businesses Registered: 114360/yr (12.14% of total businesses, 2018 estimate, World Rank: 11th)

Media and Telecommunications

Internet Usage: 44.25 million people (74.86% of population, 2021 estimate, World Rank: 22nd)
Mobile Cellular Subscriptions: 78.11 million (2021 estimate, World Rank: 21st)

Transportation

Vehicles in Use: 43.2 million vehicles (930 vehicles per thousand people)
Total Road Length: 303040 miles (2005 estimate)

Education

Public Education Spending: 4.27% of GDP (2020 estimate, World Rank: 108th)
Students: 9.425 million people (15.87% of population, 2011 estimate, World Rank: 29th)
Teachers: 722692 people (2020 estimate, World Rank: 17th)

Health Care

Health Spending: $2702.00 USD/person/yr (2007 estimate)
Physicians per Capita: 8.013/1000 people (2019 estimate)
Hospital Beds: 4/1000 people (2005 estimate)

UN Human Development Index

Health: 0.974 (World Rank: 3rd)
Education: 0.814 (World Rank: 35th)
Living Standards: 0.879 (World Rank: 31st)
Total: 0.887 (World Rank: 26th, 2015 estimate)