Geographic Properties

Continent: Europe
Total Area: 137847 mi² (World Rank: 64th)
Land Area: 134623 mi² (World Rank: 64th)
Bordering Countries/Regions: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland

Demographics

Population: 83.3 million people (2023 estimate, World Rank: 19th)
Population Density: 620 people/mi² (2021 estimate, World Rank: 60th)
Population Growth: 0.044 %/yr (2021 estimate, World Rank: 183rd)
Life Expectancy: 81.5 years (2020 estimate, World Rank: 36th)
Median Age: 44.9 years (2021 estimate, World Rank: 11th)

Cultural Properties

Languages: German (87%), Austro-Bavarian (7.4%), Upper Saxon (2.5%), Turkish (1.6%), Arabic (1.3%)
Ethnic Mix: German (91.5%), other (3.5%), Turkish (2.5%), Croat (0.7%), Italian (0.7%)
Religions: Christianity (75%), Islam (4.5%), Judaism (0.27%), Buddhism (0.1%)
Literacy Rate: 99% (2003 estimate)

Capital and Major Cities

Capital City: Berlin
Largest Cities:
- Berlin: 3.677 million people
- Hamburg: 1.787 million people
- Munich: 1.501 million people
- Cologne: 1.082 million people
- Frankfurt: 736414 people

Economic Properties

GDP: $4.26 trillion/yr (2021 estimate, World Rank: 4th)
GDP at Parity: $4.815 trillion/yr (2021 estimate, World Rank: 5th)
Real GDP: $3.555 trillion/yr (2021 estimate, World Rank: 4th)
GDP per Capita: $51204/yr/person (2021 estimate, World Rank: 26th)
GDP Real Growth: 2.627%/yr (2021 estimate, World Rank: 148th)
Gini Index: 0.317 (2018 estimate, World Rank: 36th)
Consumer Price Inflation: 3.14%/yr (2021 estimate, World Rank: 103rd)

Employment

Unemployment Rate: 3.54% (2021 estimate, World Rank: 174th highest)
Long-term Unemployment Rate: 2.19% (2014 estimate, World Rank: 60th highest)
Labor Force: 43.97 million people (52.38% of population, 2021 estimate, World Rank: 15th)

Business Information

Total Business Tax Rate: 48.8% of profit (2019 estimate, World Rank: 43rd)
New Businesses Registered: 72774/yr (11.93% of total businesses, 2020 estimate, World Rank: 20th)

Media and Telecommunications

Internet Usage: 76.07 million people (91.43% of population, 2021 estimate, World Rank: 10th)
Mobile Cellular Subscriptions: 106.4 million (2021 estimate, World Rank: 16th)

Transportation

Vehicles in Use: 53.2 million vehicles (698.7 vehicles per thousand people, 2006 estimate)
Total Road Length: 143540 miles (2008 estimate)

Education

Public Education Spending: 4.66% of GDP (2020 estimate, World Rank: 89th)
Students: 13.28 million people (16.54% of population, 2011 estimate, World Rank: 19th)
Teachers: 852841 people (2020 estimate, World Rank: 15th)

Health Care

Health Spending: $3636.00 USD/person/yr (2007 estimate)
Physicians per Capita: 4.3/1000 people (2018 estimate)
Hospital Beds: 8.3/1000 people (2006 estimate)

UN Human Development Index

Health: 0.94 (World Rank: 22nd)
Education: 0.914 (World Rank: 5th)
Living Standards: 0.923 (World Rank: 16th)
Total: 0.926 (World Rank: 4th, 2015 estimate)